To get UTF-8 charset you can specify that in the DSN.
$link = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=DB;charset=UTF8");
(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL pdo >= 0.1.0)
PDO::__construct — 创建一个表示数据库连接的 PDO 实例
$dsn,$username = null,$password = null,$options = null创建一个表示连接到请求数据库的数据库连接 PDO 实例。
dsn数据源名称或叫做 DSN，包含了请求连接到数据库的信息。
通常，一个 DSN 由 PDO 驱动名、紧随其后的冒号、以及具体 PDO 驱动的连接语法组成。更深入的信息能从 PDO 具体驱动文档找到。
dsn 参数支持三种不同的方式 创建一个数据库连接：
dsn 包含完整的DSN。
dsn 由 uri: 后跟 URI 组成，该 URI 包含定义 DSN
字符串的文件位置。URI 可以指定本地文件或远程 URL。
uri:file:///path/to/dsnfile
dsn 由映射到 php.ini 中定义 DSN 字符串的 pdo.dsn.
的 namename 名组成。
注意:
别名必须得在 php.ini 中定义了，不能是在 .htaccess 或 httpd.conf 中 。
usernameDSN字符串中的用户名。对于某些PDO驱动，此参数为可选项。
passwordDSN字符串中的密码。对于某些PDO驱动，此参数为可选项。
options一个具体驱动的连接选项的键=>值数组。
如果试图连接到请求的数据库失败，无论当前设置了哪个 PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE，PDO::__construct()
抛出 PDOException。
示例 #1 通过驱动程序调用创建 PDO 实例
<?php
$dsn = 'mysql:dbname=testdb;host=127.0.0.1';
$user = 'dbuser';
$password = 'dbpass';
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
?>示例 #2 通过 URI 调用创建 PDO 实例
The following example assumes that the file /usr/local/dbconnect exists with file permissions that enable PHP to read the file. The file contains the PDO DSN to connect to a DB2 database through the PDO_ODBC driver:
odbc:DSN=SAMPLE;UID=john;PWD=mypass
PHP 脚本可以简单的传递指向文件 URI 的 uri: 参数来创建数据库连接：
<?php
$dsn = 'uri:file:///usr/local/dbconnect';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
?>示例 #3 使用别名创建一个PDO实例
The following example assumes that php.ini contains the following
entry to enable a connection to a MySQL database using only the
alias mydb:
[PDO] pdo.dsn.mydb="mysql:dbname=testdb;host=localhost"
<?php
$dsn = 'mydb';
$user = '';
$password = '';
$dbh = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
?>To get UTF-8 charset you can specify that in the DSN.
$link = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=DB;charset=UTF8");To specify a database connection port use the following DSN string
<?php
$dsn = 'mysql:dbname=testdb;host=127.0.0.1;port=3333';
?>When trying to connect to a local database, it seems "uri:file:///" is no longer needed. Just write the PDO pilot name followed by the absolute path of the file.
Example : sqlite:C:\VirtualHosts\phpliteadmin\dbs\surveillance_logeas.s3DBTo connect throught unix socket you need to use
<?php
$dsn = 'mysql:dbname=testdb;unix_socket=/path/to/socket';
?>
You musn't specify host when using socket.I'd like to point out that in PHP 7.0 in the dsn parameter you can't use 'host=localhost' to solve this you can use 'host=127.0.0.1' instead.A generic pattern to connect to a mariadb or mysql database using a settings file
<?php
$_SETTINGS = parse_ini_file('./settings.ini', true);
$db = new \PDO(
"mysql:hostname={$_SETTINGS['db']['host']};dbname={$_SETTINGS['db']['name']}",
$_SETTINGS['db']['user'],
$_SETTINGS['db']['pass'],
[
\PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => \PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
\PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => "SET NAMES 'utf8mb4'"
]
);
?>
You might not need the options depicted here but I find them convenient.
Works with a settings.ini file containing for instance:
[db]
host = "localhost"
name = "dbname"
user = "dbuser"
pass = "dbpassword"Most of the information in the comment here is outdated or wrong.
You do can use host=localhost to connect via socket, which is faster than TCP, so setting 127.0.0.1 is a performance loss.
To use proper utf you should use utf8mb4, for example:
$db = new PDO('mysql:host=' . DATABASE_HOST . ';dbname='. DATABASE_NAME .';charset=utf8mb4', DATABASE_USER, DATABASE_PASSWORD);If you override PDO with own class and you want to implement alias from php.ini, you have to get it with `get_cfg_var` instead of `ini_get`.
<?php
class PDO extends \PDO
{
public function __construct(string $dsn, ?string $username = null, ?string $password = null, ?array $options = null)
{
//alias
if (!str_contains($dsn, ':')) {
$dsn = get_cfg_var('pdo.dsn.' . $dsn);
if (!$dsn) {
throw new PDOException('Argument #1 ($dsn) must be a valid data source name');
}
}
// your additional logic
parent::__construct($dsn, $username, $password, $options);
}
}
?>