CakeFest 2024: The Official CakePHP Conference

预定义类

本节列出标准的预定义类。各种扩展库定义了其它类,其说明在各自的参考文档中。

标准类

这些类由一些内建在 PHP 中的标准函数定义。

Directory
dir() 创建。
stdClass
使用类型转换为对象或者各种标准函数创建的通用空类。
__PHP_Incomplete_Class
可能由 unserialize() 创建。
Exception
ErrorException
php_user_filter
Closure
预定义的 final 类 Closure,它可以用于实现 匿名函数
Generator
预定义的 final 类 Generator,它可以用于实现 生成器
ArithmeticError
AssertionError
DivisionByZeroError
Error
Throwable
ParseError
TypeError

特殊的类

以下这些标识符由于它们有特殊的用处,因此不可作为类名

self
当前类
static
运行时的当前类
parent
父级类
add a note

User Contributed Notes 7 notes

up
20
spark at limao dot com dot br
12 years ago
if you want a Dynamic class you can extend from, add atributes AND methods on the fly you can use this:
<?php
   
class Dynamic extends stdClass{
        public function
__call($key,$params){
            if(!isset(
$this->{$key})) throw new Exception("Call to undefined method ".get_class($this)."::".$key."()");
           
$subject = $this->{$key};
           
call_user_func_array($subject,$params);
        }
    }
?>

this will accept both arrays, strings and Closures:
<?php
    $dynamic
->myMethod = "thatFunction";
   
$dynamic->hisMethod = array($instance,"aMethod");
   
$dynamic->newMethod = array(SomeClass,"staticMethod");
   
$dynamic->anotherMethod = function(){
        echo
"Hey there";
    };
?>

then call them away =D
up
15
wyattstorch42 at outlook dot com
10 years ago
If you call var_export() on an instance of stdClass, it attempts to export it using ::__set_state(), which, for some reason, is not implemented in stdClass.

However, casting an associative array to an object usually produces the same effect (at least, it does in my case). So I wrote an improved_var_export() function to convert instances of stdClass to (object) array () calls. If you choose to export objects of any other class, I'd advise you to implement ::__set_state().

<?php
/**
* An implementation of var_export() that is compatible with instances
* of stdClass.
* @param mixed $variable The variable you want to export
* @param bool $return If used and set to true, improved_var_export()
*     will return the variable representation instead of outputting it.
* @return mixed|null Returns the variable representation when the
*     return parameter is used and evaluates to TRUE. Otherwise, this
*     function will return NULL.
*/
function improved_var_export ($variable, $return = false) {
    if (
$variable instanceof stdClass) {
       
$result = '(object) '.improved_var_export(get_object_vars($variable), true);
    } else if (
is_array($variable)) {
       
$array = array ();
        foreach (
$variable as $key => $value) {
           
$array[] = var_export($key, true).' => '.improved_var_export($value, true);
        }
       
$result = 'array ('.implode(', ', $array).')';
    } else {
       
$result = var_export($variable, true);
    }

    if (!
$return) {
        print
$result;
        return
null;
    } else {
        return
$result;
    }
}

// Example usage:
$obj = new stdClass;
$obj->test = 'abc';
$obj->other = 6.2;
$obj->arr = array (1, 2, 3);

improved_var_export((object) array (
   
'prop1' => true,
   
'prop2' => $obj,
   
'assocArray' => array (
       
'apple' => 'good',
       
'orange' => 'great'
   
)
));

/* Output:
(object) array ('prop1' => true, 'prop2' => (object) array ('test' => 'abc', 'other' => 6.2, 'arr' => array (0 => 1, 1 => 2, 2 => 3)), 'assocArray' => array ('apple' => 'good', 'orange' => 'great'))
*/
?>

Note: This function spits out a single line of code, which is useful to save in a cache file to include/eval. It isn't formatted for readability. If you want to print a readable version for debugging purposes, then I would suggest print_r() or var_dump().
up
8
xzero at elite7hackers dot net
6 years ago
There comes improved version of amazing snippet posted by (spark at limao dot com dot br)  which allows dynamic methods generations and works as versatile extension of StdClass:

This one is faster, optimised for closures, and will work only with closures. Compatible: >= PHP 5.6
<?php

class Dynamic extends \stdClass
{
    public function
__call($key, $params)
    {
        if ( ! isset(
$this->{$key})) {
            throw new
Exception("Call to undefined method " . __CLASS__ . "::" . $key . "()");
        }

        return
$this->{$key}->__invoke(... $params);
    }
}

?>

Usage examples:

<?php
$dynamic               
= new Dynamic();
$dynamic->anotherMethod = function () {
    echo
"Hey there";
};
$dynamic->randomInt     = function ($min, $max) {
    return
mt_rand($min, $max); // random_int($min, $max); // <-- PHP7+
};

var_dump(
   
$dynamic->randomInt(1, 11),
   
$dynamic->anotherMethod()
);
?>

This will accept arrays, strings and Closures but is a bit slower due to call_user_func_array
<?php

class Dynamic extends \stdClass
{
    public function
__call($key, $params)
    {
        if ( ! isset(
$this->{$key})) {
            throw new
Exception("Call to undefined method " . __CLASS__ . "::" . $key . "()");
        }

        return
call_user_func_array($this->{$key}, $params);
    }
}

?>

Usage examples:
<?php
$dynamic               
= new Dynamic();
$dynamic->myMethod      = "thatFunction";
$dynamic->hisMethod     = array($dynamic, "randomInt");
$dynamic->newMethod     = array(SomeClass, "staticMethod");
$dynamic->anotherMethod = function () {
    echo
"Hey there";
};
$dynamic->randomInt     = function ($min, $max) {
    return
mt_rand($min, $max); // random_int($min, $max); // <-- PHP7+
};

var_dump(
   
$dynamic->randomInt(1, 11),
   
$dynamic->anotherMethod(),
   
$dynamic->hisMethod()
);

?>
up
3
unknown
21 years ago
It's handy to have a array of the reserved classes.....
var_dump (get_declared_classes ());
up
0
Ashley Dambra
10 years ago
Here a simple class that allow to set anonymous function. It's an optimised class of stdClass.

<?php
class stdObject {
    public function
__construct(array $arguments = array()) {
        if (!empty(
$arguments)) {
            foreach (
$arguments as $property => $argument) {
                if (
$argument instanceOf Closure) {
                   
$this->{$property} = $argument;
                } else {
                   
$this->{$property} = $argument;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public function
__call($method, $arguments) {
        if (isset(
$this->{$method}) && is_callable($this->{$method})) {
            return
call_user_func_array($this->{$method}, $arguments);
        } else {
            throw new
Exception("Fatal error: Call to undefined method stdObject::{$method}()");
        }
    }
}

$person = new stdObject(array(
   
"name" => "nick",
   
"age" => 23,
   
"friends" => array("frank", "sally", "aaron"),
   
"sayHi" => function() {
        return
"Hello there";
    }
));

$person->sayHi2 = function() {
    return
"Hello there 2";
};

$person->test = function() {
    return
"test";
};

var_dump($person->name, $person->test(), $person->sayHi2());
?>
up
-1
xzero at elite7hackers dot net
6 years ago
There comes improved version of amazing snippet posted by which allows dynamic methods generations and works as versatile extension of StdClass:

This one is faster, optimised for closures, and will work only with closures. Compatible: >= PHP 5.6
<?php

class Dynamic extends \stdClass
{
    public function
__call($key, $params)
    {
        if ( ! isset(
$this->{$key})) {
            throw new
Exception("Call to undefined method " . __CLASS__ . "::" . $key . "()");
        }

        return
$this->{$key}->__invoke(... $params);
    }
}

?>

Usage examples:

<?php
$dynamic               
= new Dynamic();
$dynamic->anotherMethod = function () {
    echo
"Hey there";
};
$dynamic->randomInt     = function ($min, $max) {
    return
mt_rand($min, $max); // random_int($min, $max); // <-- PHP7+
};

var_dump(
   
$dynamic->randomInt(1, 11),
   
$dynamic->anotherMethod()
);
?>

This will accept arrays, strings and Closures but is a bit slower due to call_user_func_array
<?php

class Dynamic extends \stdClass
{
    public function
__call($key, $params)
    {
        if ( ! isset(
$this->{$key})) {
            throw new
Exception("Call to undefined method " . __CLASS__ . "::" . $key . "()");
        }

        return
call_user_func_array($this->{$key}, $params);
    }
}

?>

Usage examples:
<?php
$dynamic               
= new Dynamic();
$dynamic->myMethod      = "thatFunction";
$dynamic->hisMethod     = array($dynamic, "randomInt");
$dynamic->newMethod     = array(SomeClass, "staticMethod");
$dynamic->anotherMethod = function () {
    echo
"Hey there";
};
$dynamic->randomInt     = function ($min, $max) {
    return
mt_rand($min, $max); // random_int($min, $max); // <-- PHP7+
};

var_dump(
   
$dynamic->randomInt(1, 11),
   
$dynamic->anotherMethod(),
   
$dynamic->hisMethod()
);

?>
up
-4
Typer85 at gmail dot com
17 years ago
In response to the note below mine,

This list is not incomplete. Read the Manual folks, its listed there plain and simple:

"This section lists standard predefined classes. Miscellaneous extensions define other classes which are described in their reference."

Depending on what extensions you have, they might define their own classes. This list is just the standard classes as defined by PHP with no regards to extensions.
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