If the array elements are unique, and are all integers or strings, here is a simple way to pick $n random *values* (not keys) from an array $array:
<?php array_rand(array_flip($array), $n); ?>
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)
array_rand — 从数组中随机取出一个或多个随机键
从数组中取出一个或多个随机的单元，并返回随机条目对应的键（一个或多个）。
本函数并不会生成安全加密的值，并且不可用于加密或者要求返回值不可猜测的目的。
如果需要加密安全随机，则可以将 Random\Engine\Secure 引擎用于 Random\Randomizer。对于简单的用例，random_int() 和 random_bytes() 函数提供了操作系统的 CSPRNG 支持的方便且安全的 API。
array输入的数组。 不能为空。
num
指定要取出的单元数量。
必须大于零，且小于或等于 array 的长度。
如果只取出一个，array_rand() 返回随机单元的键名。 否则就返回包含随机键名的数组。 完成后，就可以根据随机的键获取数组的随机值。 如果返回的是包含随机键名的数组，数组单元的顺序按照键名在原数组中的顺序排列。
如果 array 为空，或者 num 超出范围，
就会抛出一个 ValueError。
| 版本 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 8.0.0 |
如果 num 超出范围，array_rand()
现在会抛出一个 ValueError；
之前会抛出一个 E_WARNING，并返回 null。
|
| 8.0.0 |
如果 array 为空，array_rand()
现在会抛出一个 ValueError；
之前会抛出一个 E_WARNING，并返回 null。
|
| 7.1.0 | 内部随机化算法已从 libc rand 函数更改为使用 » 梅森旋转算法（Mersenne Twister） 随机数生成器。 |
示例 #1 array_rand() 例子
<?php
$input = array("Neo", "Morpheus", "Trinity", "Cypher", "Tank");
$rand_keys = array_rand($input, 2);
echo $input[$rand_keys[0]] . "\n";
echo $input[$rand_keys[1]] . "\n";
?>
If the array elements are unique, and are all integers or strings, here is a simple way to pick $n random *values* (not keys) from an array $array:
<?php array_rand(array_flip($array), $n); ?>It doesn't explicitly say it in the documentation, but PHP won't pick the same key twice in one call.<?php
/**
* Wraps array_rand call with additional checks
*
* TLDR; not so radom as you'd wish.
*
* NOTICE: the closer you get to the input arrays length, for the n parameter, the output gets less random.
* e.g.: array_random($a, count($a)) == $a will yield true
* This, most certainly, has to do with the method used for making the array random (see other comments).
*
* @throws OutOfBoundsException – if n less than one or exceeds size of input array
*
* @param array $array – array to randomize
* @param int $n – how many elements to return
* @return array
*/
function array_random(array $array, int $n = 1): array
{
if ($n < 1 || $n > count($array)) {
throw new OutOfBoundsException();
}
return ($n !== 1)
? array_values(array_intersect_key($array, array_flip(array_rand($array, $n))))
: array($array[array_rand($array)]);
}<?php
// An example how to fetch multiple values from array_rand
$a = [ 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g' ];
$n = 3;
// If you want to fetch multiple values you can try this:
print_r( array_intersect_key( $a, array_flip( array_rand( $a, $n ) ) ) );
// If you want to re-index keys wrap the call in 'array_values':
print_r( array_values( array_intersect_key( $a, array_flip( array_rand( $a, $n ) ) ) ) );array_rand () takes a random value without ever being able to go back in its choice of random value.
A simple example:
I decide to mix an array of 10 entries to retrieve 3 values. This choice will give increasing and random values.
$myarray = range(1,10);
$pm = array_rand($myarray,3);
// $pm return array(0->0,1->6,2->8)
But if I decide to shuffle an array of 10 entries to get 10 entries, array_rand () will choose to assign a value to each return value and therefore the return array will not be random.
$gm = array_rand($myarray,count($myarray));
// $gm not random array(0->0,1->1,2->2,3->3,4->4,5->5,6->6,7->7,8->8,9->9)
The easiest way to have a truly random value:
either use array_rand () in a loop of 1 value at a time
$deg = range(-60,60);
$size = range(16,64);
$color = ["blue","red","green","pink","orange","purple","grey","darkgreen","darkkhaki"];
$i = 0;
$longueur = 10;
do{
++$i;
printf("<span style='transform: rotateZ(%ddeg); display: inline-block;font-size: %spx; color:%s'>%s</span>",
$deg[array_rand($deg)],
$size[array_rand($size)],
$color[array_rand($color)],
$alnum[array_rand($alnum)]);
}while($i < $longueur);
------------------
or simply use shuffle () to shuffle the array really randomly.for a cryptographically secure version, try
<?php
/**
* fetch a random key from array, using a cryptograpically secure rng
* discussed+reviewed at https://codereview.stackexchange.com/questions/275832/cryptographically-secure-version-of-the-core-array-rand-function/
*
* @param array $array
* @throws ValueError if array is empty
* @return int|string key
*/
function array_rand_cryptographically_secure(array $array)/*: int|string*/ {
$max = count ( $array ) - 1;
if ($max < 0) {
throw new ValueError ( 'Argument #1 ($array) cannot be empty' );
}
return key ( array_slice ( $array, random_int ( 0, $max ), 1, true ) );
}
$tests = [
[5, 6, 7],
['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3],
['zero', 4 => 'four', 9 => 'nine'],
["PEAN"=>0],
[]
];
foreach ($tests as $test) {
echo array_rand_cryptographically_secure($test) . "\n";
}
?>
(this is an improved version, which unlike the first version, avoids copying *all* the keys)