(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)
SplFileObject::fgetcsv — Gets line from file and parse as CSV fields
$separator = ",", string $enclosure = "\"", string $escape = "\\"): array|falseGets a line from the file which is in CSV format and returns an array containing the fields read.
Note:
The locale settings are taken into account by this function. If
LC_CTYPEis e.g.en_US.UTF-8, files in one-byte encodings may be read wrongly by this function.
separatorThe field delimiter (one single-byte character only). Defaults as a comma or the value set using SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
enclosureThe field enclosure character (one single-byte character only). Defaults as a double quotation mark or the value set using SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
escape
The escape character (at most one single-byte character). Defaults as a backslash (\) or the value set using SplFileObject::setCsvControl().
An empty string ("") disables the proprietary escape mechanism.
Note: Usually an
enclosurecharacter is escaped inside a field by doubling it; however, theescapecharacter can be used as an alternative. So for the default parameter values""and\"have the same meaning. Other than allowing to escape theenclosurecharacter theescapecharacter has no special meaning; it isn't even meant to escape itself.
When escape is set to anything other than an empty string
("") it can result in CSV that is not compliant with
» RFC 4180 or unable to survive a roundtrip
through the PHP CSV functions. The default for escape is
"\\" so it is recommended to set it to the empty string explicitly.
The default value will change in a future version of PHP, no earlier than PHP 9.0.
Returns an indexed array containing the fields read, or false on error.
Note:
A blank line in a CSV file will be returned as an array comprising a single
nullfield unless usingSplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY | SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE, in which case empty lines are skipped.
| Version | Description |
|---|---|
| 7.4.0 |
The escape parameter now also accepts an empty
string to disable the proprietary escape mechanism.
|
Example #1 SplFileObject::fgetcsv() example
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject("data.csv");
while (!$file->eof()) {
var_dump($file->fgetcsv());
}
?>
Example #2 SplFileObject::READ_CSV example
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject("animals.csv");
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::READ_CSV);
foreach ($file as $row) {
list($animal, $class, $legs) = $row;
printf("A %s is a %s with %d legs\n", $animal, $class, $legs);
}
?>Contents of animals.csv
crocodile,reptile,4 dolphin,mammal,0 duck,bird,2 koala,mammal,4 salmon,fish,0
The above example will output something similar to:
A crocodile is a reptile with 4 legs A dolphin is a mammal with 0 legs A duck is a bird with 2 legs A koala is a mammal with 4 legs A salmon is a fish with 0 legs
Be aware.
There is bug 46569 persists that breaks usage of SplFileObject::fgetcsv() after SplFileObject::seek()-ing to a non-zero position and then returns the contents of wrong line - off by one
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject('foo/bar.csv');
$file->seek(1);
print_r($file->fgetcsv()); // reads 3rd line against 2ndafter setting the delimiter '\t' fgetcsv() truncates the value when it is empty string
workaround:
<?php
$file = new SplFileObject($path);
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE);
while ($file->valid()) {
$line = $file->fgets();
$line = explode("\t", $line);
print_r($line);
}
?>If your CSV doesn't have enclosures, you can face an issue with default " identified as enclosure in data. Empty $enclosure is not allowed, but you can use same $enclosure as $delimiter (\n by default) to emulate empty enclosure.Note that due to bugs 55807 and 61032, introduced in 5.3.8, if the csv in example #2 has a newline character at the end of each line, the foreach will execute 6 times.
The last time through the loop $row will be bool(false). This is true even if using SplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY and SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE.
Until the bug is fixed, the workaround is to also add SplFileObject::READ_AHEAD to your setFlags() call.Not that this may return NULL instead of FALSE depending on the given SplFileObject flags in versions prior to PHP 8.1.
Change: https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/188b1d4c7c7b3482584e248522d94e06ba616a1c
Testcase: https://3v4l.org/6dQTT