array

    (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

    array — Create an array

    Description

    array(mixed ...$values): array

    Creates an array. Read the section on the array type for more information on what an array is, including details about the alternative bracket syntax ([]).

    Parameters

    values

    Syntax "index => values", separated by commas, define index and values. index may be of type string or integer. When index is omitted, an integer index is automatically generated, starting at 0. If index is an integer, next generated index will be the biggest integer index + 1. Note that when two identical indices are defined, the last overwrites the first.

    Having a trailing comma after the last defined array entry, while unusual, is a valid syntax.

    Return Values

    Returns an array of the parameters. The parameters can be given an index with the => operator. Read the section on the array type for more information on what an array is.

    Examples

    The following example demonstrates how to create a two-dimensional array, how to specify keys for associative arrays, and how to skip-and-continue numeric indices in normal arrays.

    Example #1 array() example

    <?php
    $fruits     = array (
    "fruits" => array("a" => "orange", "b" => "banana", "c" => "apple"),
    "numbers" => array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
    "holes" => array("first", 5 => "second", "third")
    );
    ?>

    Example #2 Automatic index with array()

    <?php
    $array     = array(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 8 => 1, 4 => 1, 19, 3 => 13);
    print_r($array);
    ?>

    The above example will output:

    Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 1
    [2] => 1
    [3] => 13
    [4] => 1
    [8] => 1
    [9] => 19
)

    Note that index '3' is defined twice, and keep its final value of 13. Index 4 is defined after index 8, and next generated index (value 19) is 9, since biggest index was 8.

    This example creates a 1-based array.

    Example #3 1-based index with array()

    <?php
    $firstquarter     = array(1 => 'January', 'February', 'March');
    print_r($firstquarter);
    ?>

    The above example will output:

    Array
(
    [1] => January
    [2] => February
    [3] => March
)

    As in Perl, you can access a value from the array inside double quotes. However, with PHP you'll need to enclose your array between curly braces.

    Example #4 Accessing an array inside double quotes

    <?php

    $foo     = array('bar' => 'baz');
    echo     "Hello {$foo['bar']}!"; // Hello baz!

    ?>

    Notes

    Note:

    array() is a language construct used to represent literal arrays, and not a regular function.

    See Also

    • array_pad() - Pad array to the specified length with a value
    • list() - Assign variables as if they were an array
    • count() - Counts all elements in an array or in a Countable object
    • range() - Create an array containing a range of elements
    • foreach
    • The array type

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    User Contributed Notes 1 note

    up
    118
    ole dot aanensen at gmail dot com
    10 years ago
    As of PHP 5.4.x you can now use 'short syntax arrays' which eliminates the need of this function.

    Example #1 'short syntax array'
    <?php
    $a     = [1, 2, 3, 4];
    print_r($a);
    ?>

    The above example will output:
    Array
    (
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
    [2] => 3
    [3] => 4
    )

    Example #2 'short syntax associative array'
    <?php
    $a     = ['one' => 1, 'two' => 2, 'three' => 3, 'four' => 4];
    print_r($a);
    ?>

    The above example will output:
    Array
    (
    [one] => 1
    [two] => 2
    [three] => 3
    [four] => 4
    )
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