array_combine

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

array_combine 创建一个数组,用一个数组的值作为其键名,另一个数组的值作为其值

说明

array_combine(array $keys, array $values): array

返回一个 array,用来自 keys 数组的值作为键名,来自 values 数组的值作为相应的值。

参数

keys

将被作为新数组的键。非法的值将会被转换为字符串类型(string)。

values

将被作为 Array 的值。

返回值

返回合并后的 array

错误/异常

自 PHP 8.0.0 起,如果 keysvalues 的元素数量不同,将会抛出 ValueError。在 PHP 8.0.0 之前,会引发 E_WARNING

更新日志

版本 说明
8.0.0 如果每个数组的元素数量不相等,现在 array_combine() 将会抛出 ValueError,之前此方法返回 false

示例

示例 #1 一个 array_combine() 简单的例子

<?php
$a
= array('green', 'red', 'yellow');
$b = array('avocado', 'apple', 'banana');
$c = array_combine($a, $b);

print_r($c);
?>

以上示例会输出:

Array
(
    [green]  => avocado
    [red]    => apple
    [yellow] => banana
)

参见

add a note

User Contributed Notes 12 notes

up
113
loureirorg at gmail dot com
11 years ago
If two keys are the same, the second one prevails.

Example:
<?php
print_r
(array_combine(Array('a','a','b'), Array(1,2,3)));
?>
Returns:
Array
(
    [a] => 2
    [b] => 3
)

But if you need to keep all values, you can use the function below:

<?php
function array_combine_($keys, $values)
{
   
$result = array();
    foreach (
$keys as $i => $k) {
       
$result[$k][] = $values[$i];
    }
   
array_walk($result, create_function('&$v', '$v = (count($v) == 1)? array_pop($v): $v;'));
    return   
$result;
}

print_r(array_combine_(Array('a','a','b'), Array(1,2,3)));
?>
Returns:
Array
(
    [a] => Array
        (
            [0] => 1
            [1] => 2
        )

    [b] => 3
)
up
14
welcome at el hyphen mustafa
8 years ago
Further to loreiorg's script
in order to preserve duplicate keys when combining arrays.

I have modified the script to use a closure instead of create_function

Reason: see security issue flagged up in the documentation concerning create_function

<?php

function array_combine_($keys, $values){
   
$result = array();

    foreach (
$keys as $i => $k) {
    
$result[$k][] = $values[$i];
     }

   
array_walk($result, function(&$v){
    
$v = (count($v) == 1) ? array_pop($v): $v;
     });

    return
$result;
}

?>
up
13
claude dot pache at gmail dot com
13 years ago
array_combine() has a strange bug/misfeature (as of PHP 5.3.2): There is no logical reason for <? array_combine(array(), array()) ?> throwing a warning and returning FALSE, instead of returning <? array() ?> (see http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=34857). Here is a quick workaround:
<?php
function array_real_combine($a, $b)
{
    return
$a===array() && $b===array() ? array() : array_combine($a, $b);
}
?>
up
11
quecoder at gmail
15 years ago
<?php
// If they are not of same size, here is solution:

$abbreviations = array("AL", "AK", "AZ", "AR", "TX", "CA");
$states = array("Alabama", "Alaska", "Arizona", "Arkansas");
function
combine_arr($a, $b)
{
   
$acount = count($a);
   
$bcount = count($b);
   
$size = ($acount > $bcount) ? $bcount : $acount;
   
$a = array_slice($a, 0, $size);
   
$b = array_slice($b, 0, $size);
    return
array_combine($a, $b);
}
$combined = combine_arr($abbreviations, $states);
print_r($combined);

//  Output
//  Array ( [AL] => Alabama [AK] => Alaska [AZ] => Arizona
//  [AR] => Arkansas )
?>
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1
douglasrich9215 at gmail dot com
6 years ago
I had an epiphany when try to handle NON-ASSOCIATIVE array forms in my controller. This little one liner can pretty much edit ANY kind of non-associative array. For example this one just returns an array of values inputed by a new user.

The $data value is the the json_decoded() value of a register form.
Here is used str_replace, you could definitely do a number of things like preg matches and other things.

$readyToProcessForUser = array_combine(str_replace("new_user_", "", array_keys($data)), $data);

You could also do the same for the values.

$readyToProcessForUser = array_combine(array_keys($data), str_replace("-", "", $data));

Or BOTH!
Use full if you don't want to walk an entire array and the keys through the same callback.

$readyToProcessForUser = array_combine(array_walk('trim', array_keys($data)), array_walk('custom_callback', array_values($data)));
up
7
zequez at gmail dot com
13 years ago
If two keys are the same, the second one prevails.
Example:
<?php
print_r
(array_combine(Array('a','a','b'), Array(1,2,3)));
?>
Returns:
Array
(
    [a] => 2
    [b] => 3
)
up
3
dejiakala at gmail dot com
12 years ago
I needed to read CSV files into associative arrays with column headers as keys. Then I ran into a problem when you have empty columns at the end of a row because array_combine returns false if both arrays don't have the same number of elements. This function based on quecoder at gmail's combine_arr() below allowed me to pad either array or not when parsing my CSVs to arrays.
$a is the array of header columns and $b is an array of the current row retrieved with fgetcsv()

<?php

function array_combine_special($a, $b, $pad = TRUE) {
   
$acount = count($a);
   
$bcount = count($b);
   
// more elements in $a than $b but we don't want to pad either
   
if (!$pad) {
       
$size = ($acount > $bcount) ? $bcount : $acount;
       
$a = array_slice($a, 0, $size);
       
$b = array_slice($b, 0, $size);
    } else {
       
// more headers than row fields
       
if ($acount > $bcount) {
           
$more = $acount - $bcount;
           
// how many fields are we missing at the end of the second array?
            // Add empty strings to ensure arrays $a and $b have same number of elements
           
$more = $acount - $bcount;
            for(
$i = 0; $i < $more; $i++) {
               
$b[] = "";
            }
       
// more fields than headers
       
} else if ($acount < $bcount) {
           
$more = $bcount - $acount;
           
// fewer elements in the first array, add extra keys       
           
for($i = 0; $i < $more; $i++) {
               
$key = 'extra_field_0' . $i;
               
$a[] = $key;
            }
           
        }
    }
   
    return
array_combine($a, $b);
}
?>
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2
ilanfir at gmail dot com
9 years ago
I recently had to flip an array and group the elements by value, this snippet will do that:
<?php
function flipAndGroup($input) {
   
$outArr = array();
   
array_walk($input, function($value, $key) use (&$outArr) {
        if(!isset(
$outArr[$value]) || !is_array($outArr[$value])) {
           
$outArr[$value] = [];
        }
       
$outArr[$value][] = $key;
    });
    return
$outArr;
}
?>

Example:
<?php
$users_countries
= array(
   
'username1' => 'US',
   
'user2' => 'US',
   
'newuser' => 'GB'
);
print_r(flipAndGroup($users_countries));
?>

Returns:
Array
(
    [US] => Array
        (
            [0] => username1
            [1] => user2
        )

    [GB] => Array
        (
            [0] => newuser
        )
)
up
2
bradentkeith at dot dontspam dot gmail dot com
13 years ago
I needed a function that would take keys from one unequal array and combine them with the values of another. Real life application:
Select 4 product types.
Each product has a serial.
There are 4 sets of products.

    <?php
       
function array_combine2($arr1, $arr2) {
           
$count1 = count($arr1);
           
$count2 = count($arr2);
           
$numofloops = $count2/$count1;
               
           
$i = 0;
            while(
$i < $numofloops){
               
$arr3 = array_slice($arr2, $count1*$i, $count1);
               
$arr4[] = array_combine($arr1,$arr3);
               
$i++;
            }
           
            return
$arr4;
        }
   
?>

Input:
Array
(
    [0] => SMART Board
    [1] => Projector
    [2] => Speakers
    [3] => Splitter
)
, Array
(
    [0] => serial to smart board1
    [1] => serial to projector 1
    [2] => serial to speakers 1
    [3] => serials to splitter 1
    [4] => serials to smart board 2
    [5] => serials to projector 2
    [6] => serials to speakers 2
    [7] => serials to splitter 2
)

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [SMART Board] => serial to smart board1
            [Projector] => serial to projector 1
            [Speakers] => serial to speakers 1
            [Splitter] => serials to splitter 1
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [SMART Board] => serials to smart board 2
            [Projector] => serials to projector 2
            [Speakers] => serials to speakers 2
            [Splitter] => serials to splitter 2
        )

)
up
1
g.REMOVETHIS.vincendon AT vithemis.com
11 years ago
I was looking for a function that could combine an array to multiple one, for my MySQL GROUP_CONCAT() query, so I made this function.

<?php
   
function array_combine_array(array $keys)
    {
       
$arrays = func_get_args();
       
$keys = array_shift($arrays);
       
       
/* Checking if arrays are on the same model (array('INDEX'=> array()) or array()) */
       
$check = count(array_unique(array_map('is_array',array_map('current',$arrays)))) === 1;
        if (!
$check) { trigger_error('Function array_combine_array() expects all parameters to be same type array or array of array',E_USER_NOTICE); return array(); }
       
       
/* Checking the model of arrays, array('INDEX' => array()) or Array() */
       
$assocArray = is_array(array_shift(array_map('current',$arrays)));
       
       
/* If empty $Keys is given, we fill an empty array */
       
if (empty($keys)) $keys = array_keys(array_fill(0,max(($assocArray) ? array_map('count',array_map('current',$arrays)) : array_map('count',$arrays)),'foo'));

       
/* Init */
       
$ret=array();$i=0;
       
/* Cycling on each keys values, making an offset for each */
       
foreach($keys as $v)
        {
           
/* Cycling on arrays */
           
foreach ($arrays as $k)
            {
                if (
$assocArray)
                {
                   
/* Getting the index of the element */
                   
$key = key($k);
                   
/* If the offset exists, we place it */
                   
$ret[$v][$key] = isset($k[$key][$i]) ? $k[$key][$i]:false;
                }
               
/* Making the array with auto-made index */
               
else
                   
$ret[$v][] = isset($k[$i]) ? $k[$i]: false;
            }
           
/* Getting the next offset */
           
$i++;
        }
        return
$ret;
    }

   
/* Examples */
   
$r = array(1,2,4,10);

   
$a1 = array('one','two','four','ten');
   
$a2 = array('un','deux','quatre','dix');
   
$a3 = array('uno','dos','quatro','diez');
    
    
print_r(array_combine_array($r,array('english' => $a1),array('french' => $a2),array('spanish' => $a3))); /* Associative index, associative subarray indexes */
    
print_r(array_combine_array($r,$a1,array('french' => $a2),array('spanish' => $a3))); /* Ouputs Error */
    
print_r(array_combine_array($r,$a1,$a2,$a3)); /* Associative index, auto-made subarray indexes */
    
print_r(array_combine_array(array(),array('english' => $a1),array('french' => $a2),array('spanish' => $a3))); /* Auto-made index, associative subarray indexes */
?>
up
1
Dan LaManna
12 years ago
I needed a function that truncated extra values, and only went as far as keys without throwing a warning as array_combine does.

<?php
function safeArrayCombine($keys, $values) {
   
$combinedArray = array();
       
    for (
$i=0, $keyCount = count($keys); $i < $keyCount; $i++) {
        
$combinedArray[$keys[$i]] = $values[$i];
    }
       
    return
$combinedArray;
}
?>
up
0
PHPNewbie
6 years ago
This will seem obvious to some, but if you need to preserve a duplicate key, being you have unique vars, you can switch the array_combine around, to where the vars are the keys, and this will output correctly.

This [default] formula auto-removes the duplicate keys.

$i=0;
foreach (array_combine($keys, $vars) as $key => $var)
{
$i=$i;
echo($key);
echo " ";
echo($var);
}

This formula accomplishes the same thing, in the same order, but the duplicate "keys" (which are now  vars) are kept.

$i=0;
foreach (array_combine($vars, $keys) as $var => $key)
{
$i=$i;
echo($key);
echo " ";
echo($var);
}

I know, I'm a newbie, but perhaps someone else will need this eventually. I couldn't find another solution anywhere.
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